Journal of Codicology and Manuscript Research (In persian: Pizhūhish/hā-yi nuskhah/shināsī va taṣḥīḥ-i mutūn)

Abstract The Ratio of Participation in the Field of Manuscripts with New Trends in Information and Communication Technology Innovative Solutions... 
Zohair Tayeb 
The world's acceleration towards the future is a cognitive error: the world is moving towards its own depths, and such movement necessitates exploration and research in all dimensions of the world and time. In this context, lived experience and historical past serve as somewhat expensive but readily available critiques for seekers; acquiring what humanity has lost in distant times requires much energy, tools, and cost, while delving into historical sources is rich with minimal effort! Thus, the unparalleled opportunity that the world has granted people at this time has become a capital for the growth of insight and knowledge, providing new possibilities when facing ancient sources and texts of knowledge. Joining this caravan, of course, is necessary and appropriate for research managers, librarians, text researchers, and codicologists, and it can no longer be considered a side or ancillary matter that can be requested from others. 
Libraries and research and cultural centers can and must utilize "social networks" and "crowdsourcing" as two new tools to expand their research capabilities. 
1- Social Networks 
Promotion Tools: Libraries and research centers use social networks to introduce scientific fields, methods and structures, resources and facilities, and identify researchers' interests and talents. The publication of concise research summaries and research findings (Highlight) is a method that establishes the community's connection with the space of scientific research (including codicology and text editing). 
Training Tools: Gadgets connected to social networks and social networks based on skill enhancement and training (such as LinkedIn and Faradars) have become a new field for receiving educational content.
There is no longer a need to go through a lengthy series of preliminaries to enter the field of research. You gain access to and learn everything you need at the same time. And whatever you know, you can teach others, briefly or in a lengthy manner. Libraries and research centers should establish training and recruitment units in social networks.
Information tools: Reporting on cultural events and publishing them online in an interactive manner is a new approach that research centers and libraries can use social networks to achieve.
Research tools: Research software and its flagship, artificial intelligence, have now entered the field of textual research and codicology. Understanding data mining and text mining approaches and new AI text processing tools is essential for the new generation of researchers working with manuscripts. Artificial intelligence has intertwined with social networks, providing a novel combination of capabilities for scholars.
Crowdsourcing: For a long time, the act of research has fallen outside the definable duties of administrative staff (although remnants of this outdated perspective still exist in some educational, research, and library structures). However, research as a distributed and team-based activity, especially in the fields of codicology and textual studies, has not yet become a dominant and effective culture. The reality is that such research can also be conducted in a more team-oriented, professional, and economical manner. Collective intelligence, outsourcing tasks, open source, online technology, open innovation, and co-creation are new concepts in this domain.
Crowdsourcing Research Groups (Human Resources):  
The lengthy duration of researching a text and the need to master its various layers make the processes of editing and manuscript studies slow, costly, and inefficient in today's world. Meanwhile, young researchers can adopt a team approach to divide a project into several sub-projects based on the specialized fields of the research team members, completing the work with appropriate speed and quality in a short period. Recently, there have been calls in the world for the unknown and invitations for everyone to participate in scientific activities. Here, everyone presents their work to peer reviewers, and the work evolves through interaction among team members and social networks, resulting in examples that meet acceptable quality standards. The outsourcing of tasks to the general public voluntarily in the field of scientific issues has also begun.
Crowdsourcing Research Resources (Library):  
Another aspect of work with social networks is the crowdsourcing of reading, viewing, and listening resources. Much of the potential in bibliography can benefit from this, and examples have emerged worldwide. A group has formed on the Telegram social media platform consisting of researchers in the field of Arabic manuscripts, which has thousands of members, and these members assist other researchers around the world in correcting reading errors and providing research resources (images of manuscripts) from their locations. Persian-language versions of such efforts are effective and beneficial among Persian speakers in the region and worldwide. In the field of research, extratextual materials such as translations, geography, history, etc., can also be procured in the best way and in the shortest time and with the highest quality from the nearest local sources.
Crowdfunding Financial Resources  
We have often been informed about the departure of a manuscript from the country or region destined for international auctions. We also know that many important research projects remain uncompleted for years while waiting for funding. Both of these problems can be addressed by adopting a centralized communication approach through social networks and paying attention to crowdfunding models. Libraries and heritage research centers simply need to focus specifically on the crowdfunding process and establish clubs for supporters of manuscripts and heritage research. The result will be a multitude of people interested in history, language, and culture who, with their modest, selfless contributions, will create a generous and fruitful source for funding new resource acquisitions (purchasing manuscripts) and financing stalled projects. Meanwhile, the regulations and principles of crowdfunding, which primarily include the existence of a selected supervisory board of contributors and transparent auditing and financial reporting, should also be a top priority for these centers. The implementation of crowdfunding can occur in collaboration between non-governmental organizations and libraries and research centers to ensure that cumbersome regulations do not hinder its dynamic movement.  
Collective Investment  
A form of crowdfunding can be viewed as investment (for instance, to purchase documents or manuscripts and entrust them to a research center or library), known as collective investment (Crowdfunding). Through this means, the social capital of a research center leads to funding from investors, allowing projects without management or budget to be executed and turned into value.

Abstract One of the common writing traditions in Islamic civilization is annotating texts. Marginalization in ancient texts has many functions and benefits in the field of knowledge, method and identity. The existence of special rules in the style of margin writing in ancient texts and the use of decorative elements that are used to distinguish the territory of the margin and the text have made margin writing important from the point of view of book design and artistic aspects. This writing tradition has created a suitable field for conflicting opinions and scientific interactions in Islamic culture and civilization. Considering the continuation of this scientific tradition and its place in Islamic culture and civilization, this article is dedicated to analyzing the margins of a selection of translated manuscripts and explaining its functions. The method of conducting this research is to analyze the content of the margins of manuscripts and explain the features and functions of margin writing in these texts.
The achievements and results of this research show that in terms of form, translated manuscripts are subject to the rules of annotation in ancient texts, and in terms of content, in addition to explaining ambiguities, including critical points and providing opinions and ideas to explain the meanings of words, bringing equivalent The appropriate ones have explained the cultural, social and political differences between the Iranian society and the society from which the version was translated.

Abstract The Isfahan school of art is a prominent style of Persian miniaturist from the Safavid era. manuscript visualization such as the Shahnameh which is characterized by its epic themes and the presence of animal motifs, has drawn the attention of artists like Moin Mosavvar, who displayed remarkable skill and a unique perspective in depicting animals. Animal motifs were a significant aspect of the Safavid period Isfahan school's painting.Hence, the current research explores the elements and qualities of animal and mythological motifs, and how these motifs are combined in four Moin Mosavvar’s works.The main question is: In the four discussed works of Moin Mosavvarr, what are the visual components of the animal and mythological motifs?. Based on the results of this research, it was determined that by looking at the visual elements such as line, color, texture, rhythm, movement, and composition in the four specific illustrated works of the Moin Mosavvar, it was determined that the painter generally used to create compositions such as snails, spreads, and spirals in the pictures, he used visual elements such as curves and diagonals to create the illusion of movement and rhythm. Furthermore, the use of dark, light, warm, and cold colors has resulted in a visual quality of contrast while eye movement is taking place

Abstract Sohbat-e Lari is among the poets of the Return Period, whose Diwan was first published by his grandson in Bombay and three times by Marafet bookstore. In order to provide a corrected and critical text of Diwan-e Sohbat, the authors collected manuscripts of his poems, which include many or some of his poems, and include: Manuscripts of Malek, Arak and Qom libraries which contains many poems by Sohbat, as well as the copy of the National Library and Hekmat Library, which contains some of his sonnets and a manuscript that contains only one masnavi called Ronagh e- Anjoman. Shahcheragh's (PBUH) library manuscript also contain an ode. This theoretical research, which was conducted with a descriptive-analytical method and based on library documents, introduces, review and describes these manuscripts.
The obtained results show that all these versions - even the two versions that were printed or written by the descendants of Sohbat - not only do they have differences in the number of verses but also, they have differences in the number of words used, which is sometimes even about one stanza. these differences are such that one of these printed or written versions cannot be absolutely preferred, Because, for example, in an ode, it may be preferable to use one in the verse recording and the other in the next verse.

Abstract Hadi Beig Saki, with the poetic name "Shayeq" and known as "Shayeq Lorestani", is a tasteful and talented Persian poet, belonging to the school of literary restoration. He lived in Zand and Qajar era and experimented most forms of Persian poetry. The only available manuscript of his divan is registered in Malek National Library under no 5117. Hamid Reza Dalvand has corrected and published the mentioned version in 2014. In addition to cases related to the scribe's mistake, disregarding inter-textual relationships, incorrect reading and ignoring aesthetic standards, has caused some wrong records to enter the text. As a result, some of the verses of Diwan Shayeq seem unclear and confused. In this essay, the author has compared a number of confused and unclear verses of Shayeq's Divan, which do not have the correct meaning, with the manuscript, and has shown the wrong or incorrect forms by the writer. In the end, by reasoning based on inter-textual relations, aesthetic criteria, grammatical norms and traditions of Persian literature, he has corrected and interpreted the distorted forms and features.

Abstract In various eras, scribes have made errors and slips in their manuscripts for various reasons, including carelessness and non-compliance with confidentiality, and have tampered with these texts. These slips and possessions, which sometimes seem to be the result of scribes' negligence and impatience, and in some cases may be intentional, are always found in the manuscripts of various literary texts. The text of Shamayil al-Atqiya and Razayel al-Ashqiya is one of the texts left over from the mysticism and the
Chishtiyyah Tariqa. in which the arguments and opinions of the elders of Cheshtiyyah were copied by one of her disciples - named Rukn al-Din Debir Kashani - in this collection and various versions after Rukn al-Din were copied by the scribes and made available to the audience. In these versions, many slips can be seen in not mentioning the names of poets and composers of verses that are not the author's. And as we get closer to the late era, these problems become more visible. In such a way that the writer refused to attribute the poems to the main poet and paid attention to the verses as if they were written by Rukn al-Din Kashani.

Abstract Professor Badi'ol Zaman Foruzanfar is one of the great masters of Persian language and literature. His valuable works in Persian literary history and classical Persian poetry are among this field's top research and scientific works. This article introduces one of Foruzanfar's unpublished manuscripts and critically examines its noteworthy points using a descriptive-analytical approach. The manuscript under study is a handwritten document by Badi'ol Zaman Foruzanfar, registered under the number 33/11577 in the Central Library of the University of Tehran, and contains 86 pages. This collection, entitled "Poetry and Poetics," begins with a definition of poetry and ends with the unfinished topic of metrical circles. The language of this work is Persian, but there are numerous examples of Arabic poetry, and sometimes explanations of poetic techniques, merits and demerits of poems, and poetic meter are given in Arabic prose. Foruzanfar's writing style in this work is fluent and solid, sometimes closely resembling the style of writers of the 4th and 5th centuries. Foruzanfar also cites some of his poems as examples alongside other poems. Some of his views in this work on the dos and don'ts of poetry are open to criticism and reconsideration. This work, along with other works by the master and as a complement to some topics, can have significant achievements for researchers in the field of Persian poetry.

Abstract The subject of Asma al-Hosni has been the place of reflection and research for many researchers, mystics and theologians and has led to the authoring of many treatises in this field. This article introduces and examines the manuscript of Sharh al-Asma al-Hasani, authored by Abdulaziz bin Nasir Samarqandi, dated 874. Two versions of this work are known; Manuscript of Chalabi Abdullah Effendi library in turkiye and the manuscript that is kept in the library of the Islamic Parliament. In this research, in addition to the introduction of this manuscript, some of its linguistic and literary features have also been studied and analyzed in terms of content and theme. The present article introduces and examines the mentioned version with a descriptive analytical method based on library sources. The result of this research shows that although the structure of the text is semantic, the text is accompanied by verbal arrangements and is written in an editorial manner. And the author starts her discussion from literal meanings and cultivates it so that her words become completely tasteful and poetic. In this book, the author has described and explained Asma Al-Hosni by using Quranic verses, traditions, literary sciences and vocabulary, theological and philosophical topics. And in fact, it is a combination of lexical, narrative, theological and mystical description, and due to the fact that the subject of the book is a mystical and interpretive description, in order to better understand the reader and express the meanings more clearly, the wording has been extended.

Abstract In the 9th century, when with the support of the Timurid Amirs, historiography increased and the writing of Tazkira became popular through the works of AmirAlishir and Dawlatshah the names of many poets from this era have been recorded, but no biographies or divans have been obtained from many of them. In this article, one of these poets has been introduced, given a description of his biography based on his contemporary historical books, and two manuscripts of his divan has been shown: Manuscript number 631 of the Islamic Council which was written by Shah Mahmoud Neishabouri in the year 974AH. This manuscript is wrongly introduced in the lists of manuscripts as the Divan of Saleh Tabrizi, who is another poet. Also, the Golestan Palace manuscript number 526 which is titled Lili and Majnoon of Hatfi, and in addition to this Masnavi, some other short divans are collected in this manuscript collection. The book Divan of Saleh from this collection dates to 943AH. Amir Mohammad Saleh Joghatai is one of the Timurid era amirs and poets, whose origin is from the Joghatai Turks. He is a descendant of Ghiyath Al-Din Shah Malek and the son of Amir Nur Saeed. He spent the end of the 9th century in Mavara al-Nahr and the beginning of the 10th century in Khorasan. He was accompanied by Shibak Khan to Khorasan and after his rule over Herat, he supported poets there,

Abstract Despite the efforts made so far in the critical editing of Nizami Ganjavi's "Leyli and Majnun," the text of this poem still requires a review of ancient manuscripts and further correction. The corrections made after Bertels' research at the Soviet Union's Academy of Sciences, Riter & Ripka and Vahid Dastgerdi's commentary and editing have largely republished his findings, as if some editors have merely replicated the exact recordings of their versions or, in some cases, have attempted to explain and justify their distant and incorrect readings based on his interpretations. In this article, we have examined eight instances of incorrect or incomplete and erroneous recordings in the prints of Leyli & Majnun and Haft Peykar poems. The results of the research indicate that the recordings of the manuscripts used by these correctors should be viewed with skepticism until better and older versions are found, as the possibility of errors in their readings is likely. This article defends the recording of "golāle-ye khāk" instead of "golāle-ye tāk" with documented evidence. In one case, the misreading or error regarding "zaq" as "raq," "daq," and "rah" in the mentioned versions and printed texts is discussed.

Abstract The objective of this study which was conducted in descriptive-analytic method is to evaluate one of the known oldest handwritten editions of Anvari’s Divan and correcting some verses based on this edition referring to 13 other old manuscripts. The main purpose of this study however is to critique and analyze edition number 4113 and to clarify its position in the realm of critical analysis of Anvari’s Divan. Despite the fact that the beginning and final parts as well as some middle pages of this manuscript are lost, from evidence such as handwriting style, penmanship and especially the inclusion of original recordings, it can be considered as one of the oldest manuscripts of Anvari’s Divan. This edition containing 85 odes, 145 pieces and 8 quartets which totally includes 4234 verses, constitutes less than one-third of the poet’s Divan. The editor has classified the poems on a thematic basis which along with some unique subjects, clarifies the poet’s purpose of the composition of some poems as well as the identity of the people being praised that contributes to better understanding of the poet’s discourse. The result of the study shows that this edition, concerning the inclusion of the original recordings, is one of the most important manuscripts of Anvari’s divan that facilitates the clarification of the correct forms of many verses thereby contributing to better understanding the poet’s discourse. As a consequence, we can discover that how the original recordings like “Hess-e Khial” (the sense of imagination),...